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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview01:24

The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview

Crystals with various point group symmetries belong to different crystal classes, which are synonymous terms. Despite being in the same class, crystals may have distinct shapes, like cubes and octahedra. There are 32 three-dimensional point groups, all of which are systematically divided into seven crystal systems.The basic cubic crystal system, exemplified by NaCl, features orthogonal vectors (α = β = �� = 90°) of equal lengths (a = b = c). When specific requirements are not imposed on the...
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
Crystallographic Point Groups01:29

Crystallographic Point Groups

Crystallographic point groups represent the various symmetry operations that can occur within crystals. They are unique in that at least one point will always remain unchanged during these actions. For instance, consider the triclinic system. This system, devoid of any axis or plane of symmetry, aligns with the C1 and Ci point groups.where Cᵢ is characterized solely by a center of inversion.Contrastingly, the monoclinic system introduces an element of symmetry. This system with one plane and...
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...

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Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices
09:31

Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices

Published on: March 27, 2019

Highly ordered cubic mesoporous materials with the same symmetry but tunable pore structures.

Pei Yuan1, Jie Yang, Xiaojun Bao

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, No. 18 Fuxue Road, Beijing 102249, PR China.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|November 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Synthesizing ordered mesoporous silica materials with the same symmetry but different pore structures is possible by adjusting silica source. This study reveals distinct pore connections, crucial for designing novel materials.

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Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices
09:31

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Published on: March 27, 2019

Detection and Recovery of Palladium, Gold and Cobalt Metals from the Urban Mine Using Novel Sensors/Adsorbents Designated with Nanoscale Wagon-wheel-shaped Pores
10:31

Detection and Recovery of Palladium, Gold and Cobalt Metals from the Urban Mine Using Novel Sensors/Adsorbents Designated with Nanoscale Wagon-wheel-shaped Pores

Published on: December 6, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Mesoporous silica materials are vital for catalysis and separation.
  • Controlling pore structure and connectivity is key for advanced applications.
  • Understanding material synthesis pathways is essential for innovation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize two ordered mesoporous silica materials with identical symmetry but distinct pore architectures.
  • To investigate the influence of silica source concentration on mesostructure formation.
  • To elucidate the pore connectivity differences between the synthesized materials.

Main Methods:

  • Synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) for structural analysis.
  • Nitrogen (N2) sorption analysis for pore size distribution.
  • Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM) and electron tomography for detailed morphology.
  • Hydrothermal treatment to study pore connectivity.

Main Results:

  • Two face-centered cubic (fcc) mesoporous silica materials were synthesized by varying silica source amount.
  • One material exhibited a hard sphere packing (HSP) pathway with bimodal pore distribution, while the other showed a conventional FDU-12 structure with single-sized pores.
  • Increasing silica source filled cavities in the HSP material, leading to the FDU-12 structure.
  • Pore connectivity in HSP material occurred along the ⟨100⟩ direction, distinct from FDU-12's ⟨110⟩ direction.

Conclusions:

  • A slight change in synthesis conditions yields two ordered mesoporous materials with the same symmetry but significantly different pore structures and connections.
  • Findings provide insights into mesoporous material formation mechanisms.
  • This work facilitates the rational design and controllable synthesis of novel mesoporous materials.