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The (Spatial) Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
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Published on: February 19, 2018

Automatic activation of attribute knowledge in heuristic inference from memory.

Patrick H Khader1, Thorsten Pachur, Kerstin Jost

  • 1Department of Psychology, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany. Khader@lmu.de

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|November 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Even when using the take-the-best (TTB) heuristic for decisions, people activate irrelevant information in memory. This suggests that ignored information is still processed, impacting memory-based decision making.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Memory-based decision making often employs heuristics like take-the-best (TTB).
  • TTB involves sequential information processing, stopping when a decision is possible.
  • The automatic activation of irrelevant information during TTB is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate memory processes during TTB decision making.
  • To determine if irrelevant information is automatically activated alongside relevant information.
  • To examine the influence of memory fan effect on TTB performance.

Main Methods:

  • Participants used the TTB heuristic for object decisions based on memorized attributes.
  • The study manipulated the number of attributes required by TTB.
  • The fan effect was studied by varying the number of attributes associated with each object.

Main Results:

  • Response times and TTB accuracy were affected by both required and associated attributes.
  • Increased fan levels (more associated attributes) negatively impacted TTB performance.
  • This indicates that TTB does not exclusively retrieve relevant information.

Conclusions:

  • The take-the-best heuristic is influenced by the automatic activation of irrelevant information.
  • Memory retrieval for TTB is not perfectly selective.
  • Cognitive processes underlying decision heuristics involve parallel memory activation.