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Arterial stiffness is associated with cardiovascular, renal, retinal, and autonomic disease in type 1 diabetes

Simone Theilade1, Maria Lajer, Frederik Persson

  • 1Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark. ktld@steno.dk

Diabetes Care
|November 30, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Arterial stiffness, measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), is significantly higher in type 1 diabetes patients. This increased arterial stiffness correlates with diabetes duration and complications like cardiovascular, renal, retinal, and autonomic disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications.
  • Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events.
  • The relationship between arterial stiffness and diabetes complications in type 1 diabetes requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between arterial stiffness and diabetes complications in patients with type 1 diabetes.
  • To determine if arterial stiffness is independently associated with cardiovascular disease, renal disease, retinopathy, and autonomic dysfunction in type 1 diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted with 676 Caucasian patients with type 1 diabetes and 51 non-diabetic controls.
  • Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured using SphygmoCor.
  • Multivariate regression analyses and ANCOVA were used to assess associations, adjusting for relevant covariates.

Main Results:

  • Patients with type 1 diabetes exhibited significantly higher PWV compared to controls (10.4 ± 3.4 m/s vs. 7.6 ± 1.9 m/s, P < 0.001).
  • PWV correlated with age, diabetes duration, urinary albumin excretion rate, heart rate, and blood pressure.
  • Increased PWV was observed with increasing severity of albuminuria, presence of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, retinopathy, and abnormal heart rate variability (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Arterial stiffness is increased in patients with type 1 diabetes and is associated with the presence and duration of the disease.
  • Elevated PWV is independently associated with cardiovascular, renal, retinal, and autonomic complications of type 1 diabetes.
  • These findings highlight arterial stiffness as a crucial marker for assessing cardiovascular risk in type 1 diabetes.
Abstract

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