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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

Key molecular pathways affected by glaucoma pathology: is predictive diagnosis possible?

Olga Golubnitschaja1, Kristina Yeghiazaryan, Josef Flammer

  • 1Department of Radiology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany ; European Association for Predictive, Preventive & Personalised Medicine, www.epmanet.eu.

The EPMA Journal
|December 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness, shares molecular pathways with other neurodegenerative diseases. Blood biomarkers and subcellular imaging show promise for early glaucoma diagnosis and personalized treatment.

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Published on: March 12, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness globally, affecting 67 million people.
  • Its molecular mechanisms overlap with, yet are distinct from, other neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
  • Identifying disease-specific biomarkers is crucial for advancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of subcellular imaging and blood expression patterns for early and predictive glaucoma diagnosis.
  • To identify key molecular pathways implicated in glaucoma pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of molecular pathomechanisms in glaucoma.
  • Investigation of subcellular imaging techniques.
  • Examination of blood expression patterns as diagnostic markers.

Main Results:

  • Glaucoma pathology involves specific pathways including stress response, apoptosis, DNA repair, adhesion, and energy metabolism.
  • Subcellular imaging and blood biomarkers offer a viable platform for early glaucoma detection.
  • Understanding these pathways aids in developing personalized treatment approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and prevention of glaucoma are critical due to its high prevalence and impact on vision.
  • Blood-based biomarkers and advanced imaging techniques represent promising avenues for glaucoma diagnostics.
  • Targeting specific molecular pathways in glaucoma could lead to personalized therapeutic interventions.