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Surface-plasmon holographic beam shaping.

Ido Dolev1, Itai Epstein, Ady Arie

  • 1Department of Physical Electronics, Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel.

Physical Review Letters
|December 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
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Holographic gratings enable precise control over light-matter interactions, transforming surface plasmon polaritons into various free-space beams like focused, Airy, and vortex beams.

Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Nanophotonics
  • Metamaterials

Background:

  • Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are light waves confined to metal-dielectric interfaces.
  • Coupling SPPs to free-space light typically relies on periodic gratings.
  • Controlling the properties of coupled beams remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a holographic grating technique for precise control over SPP-to-free-space beam conversion.
  • To generate arbitrarily shaped surface plasmons and free-space beams.
  • To develop a planar beam transformer for versatile light manipulation.

Main Methods:

  • Employing holographic techniques to modulate grating structures.
  • Designing gratings with different periods for input and output coupling.

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  • Utilizing a generalized Bragg law for resonance angle analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Systematic control over the amplitude and phase of free-space beams derived from SPPs.
    • Generation of arbitrarily shaped surface plasmon patterns.
    • Demonstration of coupling SPPs into focused, accelerating Airy, and vortex beams.
    • Realization of a planar beam transformer with predictable resonance angles.

    Conclusions:

    • Holographic gratings offer a powerful method for tailoring SPP-to-free-space beam conversion.
    • This technique enables the generation of complex beam profiles with high fidelity.
    • The developed planar beam transformer has potential applications in optical manipulation and integrated photonics.