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Related Concept Videos

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent – the...
Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...

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ABCG5/G8 Crystallization in a Lipidic Bicelle Environment for X-Ray Crystallography
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ABCG5/G8 Crystallization in a Lipidic Bicelle Environment for X-Ray Crystallography

Published on: August 25, 2023

Cocrystallization for successful drug delivery.

Changquan Calvin Sun1

  • 1University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, 9-127B Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. sunx0053@umn.edu

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery
|December 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cocrystallization, a crystal engineering technique, enhances drug delivery by modifying drug properties. This review examines recent advances in cocrystal research for pharmaceutical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Science
  • Materials Science
  • Crystal Engineering

Background:

  • Cocrystallization is a key crystal engineering strategy for optimizing drug properties.
  • Its application in solving drug formulation and manufacturing challenges is expanding.
  • An updated review of cocrystal research in drug delivery is highly valuable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review cocrystal research relevant to drug delivery.
  • To examine the impact of cocrystallization on pharmaceutical properties.
  • To outline future research directions in cocrystal science.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on crystal engineering and pharmaceutical literature from the past 5 years.
  • Inclusion of relevant classical literature for foundational understanding.
  • Analysis of cocrystal preparation methods and structure-property relationships.

Main Results:

  • Cocrystallization significantly impacts key pharmaceutical properties, offering both improvements and potential drawbacks.
  • Understanding structure-property relationships is crucial for effective cocrystal design.
  • Efficient preparation methods are essential for realizing desired cocrystal forms.

Conclusions:

  • Effective cocrystal research requires a deep understanding of structure-property correlations and efficient synthesis.
  • Future research will explore complex cocrystal structures, including ternary and higher-order systems.
  • Emerging areas include cocrystals of neutral and ionic species, polymorphism, cocrystal glasses, and thermodynamics.