Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 15, 2026

Immunofluorescence Imaging of DNA Damage and Repair Foci in Human Colon Cancer Cells
Published on: June 9, 2020
Exposure to ionizing radiation of workers in Poland
Marek Wasek1, Kamil Szewczak, Piotr Wroczyński
1Department of Drug Bioanalysis and Analysis, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland. marek.wasek@wum.edu.pl
Abstract:
Results of individual monitoring of occupied workers based on the doses estimations carried out by Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection (CLOR) in Warsaw has been presented. In 2011, about 5000 persons from 330 institutions were monitored. Monitoring service in CLOR is based on two doses assessment methods, Kodak films and MCP-N thermo luminescent detectors. Presented results show that 97% of registered doses were less than 1 mSv and only about 0.1% of assigned doses were higher than 20 mSv. The monitored workers were divided in four groups: medical, scientific, industrial and others. Six cases of excess of the 20 mSv annual dose limit were registered in medical, three in scientific and three in industrial group. The average annual dose in each particular group was calculated: 0.51 mSv in medical, 0.62 mSv in scientific, 0.48 mSv in industrial and 0.44 mSv in others.
Related Concept Videos
Biological Effects of Radiation
Mutations
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Types of Toxins
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Spontaneous and Induced Mutations