Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma infiltrated both lungs

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) typically originates in the mediastinum or head and neck regions.
• Extranodal involvement as the initial presentation of cHL is uncommon, with rare reports involving sites like the gastrointestinal tract, CNS, or kidneys.

Observation:

• This report details a rare instance of cHL presenting with bilateral pulmonary infiltration.
• Diagnostic imaging revealed enlarged cervical lymph nodes and mediastinal lymphadenopathy.
• Chest CT identified multiple scattered consolidation lesions throughout both lungs.

Findings:

• The case involved classical Hodgkin's lymphoma, specifically the nodular sclerosis subtype.
• Ultrasound with Color Doppler Flow Imaging (CDFI) showed enlarged cervical lymph nodes without increased vascularity.
• A cervical lymph node biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of cHL with pulmonary infiltration.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering extranodal sites, including the lungs, in the differential diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma.
• It highlights the diagnostic utility of imaging modalities like ultrasound and CT scans in identifying unusual presentations of lymphoma.
• Further research into the mechanisms and clinical outcomes of pulmonary Hodgkin's lymphoma is warranted.