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Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
Interference: Path Lengths01:10

Interference: Path Lengths

Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences01:20

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and refractory oxide ion...
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Sound Waves: Interference00:53

Sound Waves: Interference

Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns01:13

¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns

When protons A and X are coupled, their nuclear spin energy levels are slightly modified. This is because the energy required to excite proton A to a spin state parallel to proton X is slightly different from the energy required for it to become anti-parallel to spin X. Consequently, there are two possible excitation frequencies for A (A1 and A2), depending on the spin state of X, and vice versa. The mutual nature of coupling implies that the difference between frequencies A1 and A2, indicated...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Pattern-integrated interference [Invited].

Thomas K Gaylord1, Matthieu C R Leibovici, Guy M Burrow

  • 1School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 777 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, USA. tgaylord@ece.gatech.edu

Applied Optics
|January 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Pattern-integrated interference (PII) creates periodic patterns with absent preselected periods in one step. This technique enables the fabrication of advanced photonic-crystal devices and semiconductor chips with complex circuit elements.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Interference and holography are foundational optical principles.
  • Fabricating complex photonic and semiconductor devices requires precise pattern control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce and detail Pattern-Integrated Interference (PII) as a novel fabrication technique.
  • Explore PII's capability to generate specific interference patterns with absent periods.
  • Demonstrate PII's applicability in creating functional elements for photonic crystals and semiconductor circuits.

Main Methods:

  • Describing PII as a progression from established interference and holography concepts.
  • Presenting and comparing various system configurations for PII implementation.
  • Simulating PII-generated intensity patterns for specific photonic and semiconductor devices.

Main Results:

  • PII enables single-exposure production of periodic interference patterns with controlled absent periods.
  • Demonstrated potential for creating nonperiodic functional elements in photonic crystals.
  • Showcased application in designing circuit elements for periodic-layout semiconductor chips.

Conclusions:

  • PII offers a streamlined approach to fabricating advanced optical and electronic components.
  • The technique allows for precise integration of functional elements by selectively blocking interference periods.
  • Simulations confirm PII's viability for microresonator filters and optical switches.