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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Nondisjunction01:29

Nondisjunction

During meiosis, chromosomes occasionally separate improperly. This occurs due to failure of homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I or failed sister chromatid separation during meiosis II. In some species, notably plants, nondisjunction can result in an organism with an entire additional set of chromosomes, which is called polyploidy. In humans, nondisjunction can occur during male or female gametogenesis and the resulting gametes possess one too many or one too few chromosomes.
Nondisjunction01:21

Nondisjunction

Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold sister...
Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

The Concept of Multiple Allelism

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Non-syndromic multiple supernumerary teeth: a rare entity.

Jiwanasha Manish Agrawal1, Manish Suresh Agrawal, Lalita Girish Nanjannawar

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, Bharti Vidyapeeth Dental College & Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India. smilesnprofiles@rediffmail.com

BMJ Case Reports
|January 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a rare case of hyperdontia (supernumerary teeth) in a teenage girl without any associated syndromes. Early diagnosis and orthodontic intervention are crucial for managing complex dental anomalies.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hyperdontia, or supernumerary teeth, is often linked to genetic syndromes.
  • Isolated cases without syndromic association are exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • A 15-year-old female presented with severe dental crowding, anterior open bite, and crossbite.
  • Clinical examination revealed two buccal supernumerary teeth and radiographic evidence of two additional impacted supernumerary teeth.

Findings:

  • The patient exhibited a Class I malocclusion with significant crowding and multiple supernumerary teeth.
  • Comprehensive dental evaluation confirmed the absence of any associated syndromes or positive family history.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of thorough orthodontic assessment for diagnosing rare dental anomalies.
  • Management of hyperdontia without syndromes requires individualized treatment planning to address malocclusion and aesthetic concerns.