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Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation

Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation

The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...

Cleavage and Blastulation

Cleavage and Blastulation

After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Derivation of Stem Cell Lines from Mouse Preimplantation Embryos

Derivation of Stem Cell Lines from Mouse Preimplantation Embryos

Published on: August 20, 2017

Embryonic stem cells from blastomeres maintaining embryo viability.

Irina Klimanskaya¹

¹Advanced Cell Technology, Inc., 33 Locke Drive, Marlborough, MA 01752, USA. iklimanskaya@advancedcell.com

Seminars in Reproductive Medicine

|January 19, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Ethical concerns limit embryonic stem cell research. A new blastomere biopsy technique ethically derives human ESCs, producing safe, functional cells for regenerative medicine therapies.

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Area of Science:

Stem cell biology
Regenerative medicine
Developmental biology

Background:

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) offer potential for diverse cell and tissue generation in regenerative medicine.
Current hESC research faces ethical limitations due to embryo use, hindering therapeutic development.
Alternative pluripotent cell technologies require further validation for safety and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel blastomere biopsy technique for deriving human ESC lines.
To address the ethical controversy surrounding traditional hESC derivation methods.
To demonstrate the therapeutic potential of ESC derivatives generated via this new method.

Main Methods:

Blastomere biopsy for human ESC line derivation without embryo sacrifice.
In vitro culture and characterization of derived ESCs.
Assessment of the safety and functionality of ESC derivatives.

Main Results:

Successful derivation of human ESC lines using the blastomere biopsy technique.
Demonstrated robustness of the derivation method.
ESC derivatives showed therapeutic value, proving safe and functional.

Conclusions:

The blastomere biopsy technique provides an ethically sound alternative for hESC derivation.
This method overcomes ethical barriers, enabling further research and clinical translation.
It yields safe and functional ESC derivatives for regenerative medicine applications.