Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then passed on to...
Impact01:30

Impact

Impact occurs when two bodies collide, leading to the application of impulsive forces between them. Analyzing impact mechanics involves considering two colliding particles moving along a line known as the line of impact, which passes through their centers and is perpendicular to the contact plane.
When particles with different initial velocities collide, they induce deformation by applying equal and opposite impulses. At the point of maximum deformation, the particles move together with...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
Rab Cascades01:25

Rab Cascades

Rab GTPases act in a regulated cascade during membrane fusion, helping the lipid bilayers mix. The Rab family of proteins are active when bound to GTP, and inactive when bound to GDP. Hence, they act as guanine nucleotide-dependent molecular switches. Rab-GTP recognizes and binds to long or short-range tethering proteins to capture the target vesicle. These tethers coordinate with SNAREs on the vesicle and the target membrane to assemble the trans SNARE complex that locks the mixing bilayers.
Types of Impact01:30

Types of Impact

Impacts can be classified in various forms, primarily under two subgroups: central impact and oblique impact. A central impact occurs when two objects collide head-on, possessing opposite velocities aligned along the line of impact. Conversely, an oblique impact occurs when two objects collide at an angle, resulting in a modification of both direction and velocity.
The coefficient of restitution is a metric for understanding the dynamics of impacts. It quantifies the ratio of relative velocity...
Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate01:22

Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate

Toughness and hardness are critical properties of aggregate materials used in concrete, particularly on pavement surfaces and industrial flooring subjected to heavy loads. Toughness is defined as the aggregate's resistance to failure by impact and is measured by the aggregate impact value (AIV). For this, the aggregate impact value test is performed, wherein the impact is delivered by a standard hammer, which falls freely under its own weight onto the aggregates. The aggregates fragment in the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The key role of local and global farmer networks in the development of conservation agriculture in California.

Journal of environmental quality·2025
Same author

Development of a Cryopreservation Protocol for Vanilla Siamensis: An Endangered Orchid Species in Thailand.

Cryo letters·2021
Same author

Letters to the Editor.

Bristol medico-chirurgical journal (1963)·2017
Same author

Congenital Bladder-Neck Obstruction.

The Medical journal of the South-West·2017
Same author

Reflections on the Indications for Prostatectomy.

The Medical journal of the South-West·2017
Same author

Species identification by experts and non-experts: comparing images from field guides.

Scientific reports·2016
Same journal

Repurposing Non-oncologic Drugs via Targeted Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Synergistic Combinations, and Clinical Translation.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same journal

Targeting Permeability Barriers By Strategic Selection of Thiol Containing Coformer for Novel Cocrystals of Metformin.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same journal

Plume Geometry Matters: Investigating the Contribution of Mass-Based Plume Geometry to Aerosol Delivery Efficiency in pMDIs.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same journal

Eigenrate-Based Thermodynamic Decomposition of Competing Release Mechanisms in Polymeric Nano- and Microspheres: The MMIR-S Framework with Arrhenius Dual-Population Burst Kinetics and Log-Normal Polydispersity Averaging.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same journal

Charge-Interaction-Mediated Adsorption of Human Growth Hormone on Polymeric Nanoparticles.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same journal

Development and Characterization of Amorphous PVP K30-Phosphatidylcholine Dispersions for the Fixed-Dose Co-Delivery of Hesperetin and Cannabidiol Prepared by Hot-Melt Extrusion.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

A Practical Guide on Coupling a Scanning Mobility Sizer and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (SMPS-ICPMS)
11:18

A Practical Guide on Coupling a Scanning Mobility Sizer and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (SMPS-ICPMS)

Published on: July 11, 2017

Good Cascade Impactor Practice (GCIP) and considerations for "in-use" specifications.

S C Nichols1, J P Mitchell, C M Shelton

  • 1OINDP Consultancy, Rugby, UK.

AAPS Pharmscitech
|January 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cascade impactors (CI) measure aerodynamic particle size distributions for inhaled products. Stage nozzle dimensions (effective diameter) are critical for accuracy, with variations causing shifts in cut-point size.

More Related Videos

Modified Drop Tower Impact Tests for American Football Helmets
07:08

Modified Drop Tower Impact Tests for American Football Helmets

Published on: February 19, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

A Practical Guide on Coupling a Scanning Mobility Sizer and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (SMPS-ICPMS)
11:18

A Practical Guide on Coupling a Scanning Mobility Sizer and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (SMPS-ICPMS)

Published on: July 11, 2017

Modified Drop Tower Impact Tests for American Football Helmets
07:08

Modified Drop Tower Impact Tests for American Football Helmets

Published on: February 19, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical technology
  • Aerodynamics
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Multi-stage cascade impactors (CI) are essential for determining aerodynamic particle size distributions (APSDs) of orally inhaled products.
  • The accuracy of APSD measurements relies on the precise dimensions of CI nozzles, specifically their effective diameter (Deff).
  • Good Cascade Impactor Practice (GCIP) mandates linking these critical dimensions to measurement accuracy traceable to international standards.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of nozzle dimension variations on the accuracy of APSD measurements.
  • To explore the feasibility of using stage flow resistance (pressure drop) as a surrogate for effective diameter measurement.
  • To assess if flow resistance measurements can ensure CI stage fitness for use before each APSD determination.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the relationship between effective diameter (Deff) and stage cut-point size (d50).
  • Assessment of potential shifts in d50 due to Deff variations within manufacturer tolerances.
  • Investigation into measuring stage flow resistance (ΔPstage) as a proxy for Deff.

Main Results:

  • Variations in Deff within typical tolerances can lead to shifts in d50 of less than ±10%.
  • Stage mensuration (measurement of dimensions) provides satisfactory control over measurement accuracy.
  • Measuring stage flow resistance shows potential for real-time assessment of CI stage fitness, but requires further data on wear and blockage effects.

Conclusions:

  • Stage mensuration is a reliable method for ensuring CI accuracy for APSD determination.
  • Flow resistance measurement is a promising, but not yet fully validated, method for routine checks of CI stage performance.
  • Further research is needed to incorporate flow resistance measurements into Good Cascade Impactor Practice (GCIP).