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[Clinical and cardiac imaging characteristics of patients with left ventricular apical hypoplasia]

Chao-wu Yan1, Jian-rong Li, Shi-hua Zhao

  • 1Department of Radiology, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China. chaowu_yan@yahoo.com.cn

Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi
|February 1, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Left ventricular apical hypoplasia (LVAH) presents with non-specific symptoms. Key imaging findings include a truncated, spherical left ventricle, abnormal papillary muscles, and right ventricle wrapping around the apex.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Imaging
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Left ventricular apical hypoplasia (LVAH) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly.
  • Understanding its clinical and imaging features is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical presentation and cardiac imaging characteristics of patients diagnosed with LVAH.
  • To identify typical imaging findings associated with LVAH.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of seven LVAH patients (age 6-44 years) was studied between 2008 and 2012.
  • Diagnostic tools included transthoracic echocardiogram, cardiovascular MRI, cardiovascular CT, and cardiac catheterization.

Main Results:

  • Clinical symptoms such as chest discomfort and precordial murmurs were observed.
  • Electrocardiogram revealed atrial fibrillation in some patients.
  • Imaging showed a truncated, spherical left ventricle with reduced longitudinal diameter, interventricular septum bulging, abnormal papillary muscles, an elongated right ventricle, and focal fat replacement in the apical wall.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical symptoms of LVAH are often non-specific.
  • Characteristic imaging findings include a truncated/spherical left ventricle, abnormal papillary muscle origin, right ventricle wrapping around the apex, and apical fat replacement.
Abstract

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