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The relationship between the WAIS-III digit symbol Coding and executive functioning.

Andrew S Davis1, Eric E Pierson

  • 1Department of Educational Psychology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA. davis@bsu.edu

Applied Neuropsychology. Adult
|February 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

College students' performance on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition Coding subtest is linked to executive functions like Letter-Number Sequencing. This suggests cognitive skills, not just motor speed, influence Coding scores.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • The Coding subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III) is a measure of cognitive processing speed and working memory.
  • Executive functions are complex cognitive processes that enable goal-directed behavior.
  • Previous research has explored the relationship between intelligence measures and executive functions, with varying results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between performance on the WAIS-III Coding subtest and executive functions measured by the Delis-Kaplan Executive Functions System (D-KEFS).
  • To determine which specific executive functions significantly predict performance on the WAIS-III Coding subtest.
  • To explore the cognitive underpinnings of the WAIS-III Coding subtest beyond simple motor speed.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 63 college students completed the WAIS-III Coding subtest and several D-KEFS subtests, including Trail-Making Test, Letter-Number Sequencing, Visual Scanning, Number Sequencing, Letter Sequencing, and Motor Speed.
  • Multiple regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors of WAIS-III Coding performance.
  • Stepwise hierarchical regression analysis was employed to assess the predictive utility of significant variables.

Main Results:

  • Performance on the WAIS-III Coding subtest was significantly correlated with Letter-Number Sequencing, Visual Scanning, and Number Sequencing.
  • Letter Sequencing and Motor Speed showed no significant relationship with Coding performance.
  • Executive functions, particularly Letter-Number Sequencing, explained a portion of the variance in WAIS-III Coding scores.

Conclusions:

  • WAIS-III Coding performance is associated with specific executive functions, suggesting it measures cognitive abilities beyond simple processing speed.
  • A process analysis approach using executive function measures offers limited improvement in understanding test performance.
  • Findings support the notion that the Coding subtest taps into complex cognitive skills relevant to intelligence assessment.