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Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
Published on: November 4, 2025
Morphometric analysis of the cranial base in Asians
Hong-Po Chang1, Pao-Hsin Liu, Yu-Chuan Tseng
1Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan, chang610004@gmail.com.
Odontology
|February 5, 2013
Summary
Developmental variations in Asian cranial base morphology contribute to a higher prevalence of Class III malocclusion and mandibular prognathism. These findings highlight a distinct craniofacial pattern in Asian populations.
Area of Science:
- Anthropology
- Orthodontics
- Craniofacial Morphology
Background:
- Class III malocclusion and mandibular prognathism are common concerns in Asian populations.
- Understanding the underlying craniofacial developmental patterns is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To test the hypothesis that developmental heterogeneity in cranial base morphology increases the prevalence of Class III malocclusion and mandibular prognathism in Asians.
- To compare cranial base and upper midface configurations between European-Americans and various Asian ethnic groups.
Main Methods:
- Thin-plate spline (TPS) graphical analysis of lateral cephalometric radiographs.
- Comparison of cranial base and upper midface configurations between European-American and four Asian ethnic groups (Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Taiwanese).
- Procrustes analysis to identify statistically significant differences in landmark configurations (P < 0.001).
Main Results:
- Asians exhibited horizontal compression and vertical expansion in the anterior cranial base and upper midface.
- Posterior cranial base showed horizontal compression, with anterior displacement of the articulare.
- Facial flatness and anterior temporomandibular joint displacement were observed, indicating a prognathic mandible and/or retruded midface.
Conclusions:
- Developmental heterogeneity in cranial base morphology predisposes Asian populations to Class III malocclusion and mandibular prognathism.
- Distinct craniofacial patterns, including facial flatness and specific cranial base differences, are identified in Asian groups.
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