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Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

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[Conventional techniques of visual field examination: part 4 Static perimetry: interpretation--perimetric indices--follow-up--perimetry in childhood].

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

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Published on: May 25, 2020

[Flicker and conventional perimetry in comparison with structural changes in glaucoma].

¹dannheim@uke.uni-hamburg.de

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft

|February 9, 2013

Summary

Flicker Defined Frequency (FDF) perimetry effectively detects early glaucoma changes missed by Standard Automated Perimetry (SAP). Probability values offer a new scoring system for subtle glaucomatous alterations.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Visual Neuroscience
Medical Technology

Background:

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
Early detection of glaucomatous alterations is crucial for timely intervention.
Standard Automated Perimetry (SAP) has limitations in detecting early-stage visual field defects.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of Flicker Defined Frequency (FDF) perimetry in detecting early glaucomatous alterations.
To assess the utility of probability values derived from FDF perimetry as an ordinal score.
To compare the correlation of FDF perimetry and SAP with optic disc parameters.

Main Methods:

Selective perimetry using FDF flicker stimulation was performed on 131 eyes.
Comparison of FDF perimetry results with Standard Automated Perimetry (SAP).
Correlation analysis between perimetric global indices and optic disc parameters.

Main Results:

FDF perimetry detected early glaucomatous alterations often missed by SAP.
Probability values from FDF perimetry showed potential as an ordinal score for marginal changes.
Correlation with optic disc parameters was limited but slightly higher for FDF than SAP.
SAP is preferable for advanced glaucoma due to its wider dynamic range.

Conclusions:

FDF perimetry is a valuable tool for detecting early glaucoma.
Probability values from FDF perimetry can serve as a useful abnormality score.
Individualized interpretation is necessary, considering both FDF and SAP, especially in advanced stages.