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Human balantidiasis. A case report.

A R Currie1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

South African Journal of Surgery. Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Chirurgie
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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A rare Balantidium coli infection caused fatal fecal peritonitis in a 58-year-old woman. Prompt stool examination is crucial for diagnosing this pig-borne protozoan parasite, which can mimic amoebic infections.

Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Balantidium coli is a protozoan parasite typically found in pigs.
  • Human infections with Balantidium coli are uncommon but can lead to severe gastrointestinal disease.
  • The parasite can present with symptoms mimicking other intestinal infections, such as amoebiasis.

Observation:

  • A 58-year-old female patient presented with melaena and fecal peritonitis.
  • The patient was diagnosed with a perforated terminal ileum and concurrent Balantidium coli infection.
  • Despite medical intervention, the patient succumbed to septicemia.

Findings:

  • The case highlights Balantidium coli as a potential cause of intestinal perforation and peritonitis in humans.
  • Diagnosis of Balantidium coli infection requires immediate examination of fresh stool samples.

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  • Failure to promptly identify the parasite can lead to delayed treatment and adverse outcomes.
  • Implications:

    • This case underscores the importance of considering zoonotic parasitic infections in patients with severe abdominal conditions.
    • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for Balantidium coli in endemic areas or in individuals with relevant exposure history.
    • Improved diagnostic strategies and awareness are needed to prevent mortality associated with Balantidium coli infections.