Variation of breath sound and airway caliber induced by histamine challenge

Inspiratory breath sounds were recorded from the chest wall during histamine challenge in five subjects with mild asthma (baseline FEV1 greater than 60% of predicted normal). The median frequency of the power spectrum of the breath sounds was found to correlate with the percentage change in FEV1 induced by histamine and with FEF50. The analysis suggests that for a decrease in FEV1 of 20%, the median frequency of breath sound would increase by 80 Hz. Variation in airway caliber produced a consistent alteration in the distribution of energy in inspiratory breath sound in the absence of wheeze. Spectral analysis of breath sound may be a useful addition to conventional spirometry in identifying changes in airway diameter.