Recurrent abruptio placentae in a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

Abruptio placentae, defined as premature separation of a normally implanted placenta, is a life threatening pregnancy complication with unknown pathophysiology. A history of abruptio placentae is the major risk factor for this pregnancy complication in humans. We describe the first case of recurrent abruptio placentae in a Macaca fascicularis.

A pregnant M. fascicularis at term gestation was presented with weakness and hypothermia. Cesarean section revealed retroplacental hemorrhage with partial placental separation from the uterus.

The weight of the female fetus was within the lower birth weight range for these species. The maternal side of placenta contained necrotic tissue, occupying approximately 60% of the maternal surface. The placental implantation bed demonstrated neutrophil infiltration. Perivascular collections of lymphocytes were noticed in the uterine smooth muscle.

This case report underlines the importance of neutrophil infiltration and uterine venous drainage in the cascade of events leading to abruptio placentae.