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Short bowel syndrome in the NICU

Sachin C Amin1, Cleo Pappas, Hari Iyengar

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Center for Neonatal and Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disease, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 South Wood Street, CSB 1257, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Clinics in Perinatology
|February 19, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a common infant intestinal failure cause. Multidisciplinary care aids adaptation, enabling most neonates with SBS to achieve normal growth and development via enteral feeding.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric gastroenterology
  • Neonatal surgery
  • Intestinal failure research

Background:

  • Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is the leading cause of intestinal failure in infants.
  • Common etiologies in neonates include necrotizing enterocolitis, gastroschisis, intestinal atresia, and malrotation/volvulus.
  • Post-surgical adaptation involves gastrointestinal tract reorganization and functional changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical features of SBS in infants.
  • To outline current management strategies and potential complications.
  • To discuss prognostic factors influencing outcomes in neonates with SBS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical features, management, complications, and prognostic factors.
  • Emphasis on the adaptive processes of the residual gastrointestinal tract.
  • Highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.

Main Results:

  • The gastrointestinal tract undergoes significant histoarchitectural and functional adaptation post-surgery.
  • A cohesive, multidisciplinary approach is crucial for successful outcomes.
  • Most neonates can transition to full enteral feeds and achieve normal development.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of SBS in infants relies on understanding adaptation and employing a multidisciplinary strategy.
  • Early and comprehensive care can lead to positive long-term growth and developmental outcomes.
  • Further research into prognostic factors can optimize patient care.

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