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Risk factors for stunting among children: a community based case control study in Nepal

R Paudel1, B Pradhan, R R Wagle

  • 1Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Nepal. paudel.rajan@gmail.com

Kathmandu University Medical Journal (KUMJ)
|February 26, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Child stunting in Nepal is linked to multiple factors including poverty, poor sanitation, and inadequate feeding practices. Addressing these socio-economic, environmental, and nutritional issues is crucial for child health.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Stunting is a critical determinant of child morbidity and mortality in Nepal.
  • Identifying stunting's root causes is vital for effective district-level interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the risk factors associated with stunting in children aged 6 to 59 months.
  • To inform targeted public health strategies for stunting prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Community-based case-control study conducted in Surkhet, Nepal (August-September 2010).
  • 118 stunted children (cases) and 236 non-stunted children (controls) were analyzed.
  • Logistic regression identified key factors, with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals reported.

Main Results:

  • Socio-economic factors: maternal unemployment (OR=3.11), food deficit (OR=4.26), and non-maternal care (OR=3.02).
  • Environmental factors: poor kitchen ventilation and pesticide exposure.
  • Nutritional factors: inadequate breastfeeding (OR=6.90), infrequent complementary feeding (OR=3.60), and low dietary diversity (OR=4.06).
  • Diarrhea significantly correlated with stunting (OR=7.46).

Conclusions:

  • Child stunting in Nepal results from a complex interplay of socio-economic, environmental, and nutritional factors.
  • Interventions must adopt a multi-faceted approach addressing poverty, sanitation, and feeding practices.
  • Targeted strategies are needed to combat the high burden of stunting.
Abstract

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