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Related Concept Videos

Probiotics01:22

Probiotics

Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the balance of this microbiota is crucial for digestive and systemic health. Among the most extensively studied and utilized probiotics are species formerly classified within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These organisms not only naturally colonize the human gut but are also consumed through...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry01:27

Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry

Microorganisms play a crucial role in agriculture and the food industry, contributing to soil fertility, crop protection, and food production. Their functions range from nitrogen fixation and biopesticide production to fermentation and food preservation, making them indispensable to sustainable farming and food safety.Role in AgricultureNitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium (symbiotic) and Azotobacter (free-living), convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia through biological nitrogen...
Microbes in the Production of Fermented Foods01:27

Microbes in the Production of Fermented Foods

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and molds are instrumental in fermenting plant-based foods to enhance preservation and ensure year-round availability. These microbial processes convert plant carbohydrates into organic acids and other metabolites that inhibit spoilage organisms and contribute to the sensory qualities of the final product.In sauerkraut production, cabbage goes through a microbial succession that starts with cocci such as Leuconostoc mesenteroides. These microbes begin fermentation by...

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Process Development for the Spray-Drying of Probiotic Bacteria and Evaluation of the Product Quality
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Probiotics: properties, examples, and specific applications.

Judith Behnsen1, Elisa Deriu, Martina Sassone-Corsi

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
|March 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Probiotics, like Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, benefit host health by modulating immune, respiratory, and gut functions. Engineering probiotics to produce beneficial molecules enhances their therapeutic potential for intestinal diseases.

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Process Development for the Spray-Drying of Probiotic Bacteria and Evaluation of the Product Quality
05:45

Process Development for the Spray-Drying of Probiotic Bacteria and Evaluation of the Product Quality

Published on: April 7, 2023

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods
08:38

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods

Published on: September 10, 2016

Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage
10:36

Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage

Published on: January 27, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Probiotics have a long history of use for health benefits.
  • Recent research highlights their role in modulating immunological, respiratory, and gastrointestinal functions.
  • Specific probiotics like Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 and lactic acid bacteria are used for intestinal conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the mechanisms of action of probiotics.
  • To review advances in the rational design of probiotics.
  • To explore the potential of engineered probiotics for enhanced host benefits.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on probiotic mechanisms.
  • Analysis of current research on probiotic applications.
  • Discussion of genetic engineering strategies for probiotics.

Main Results:

  • Probiotics modulate key host functions, including immune responses and gut health.
  • Engineering probiotics can enhance their production of beneficial molecules.
  • These enhancements show promise for treating inflammatory bowel disease, constipation, and colon cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Probiotics offer significant health benefits through various mechanisms.
  • Rational design and engineering of probiotics represent a promising frontier in therapeutic development.
  • Further research into engineered probiotics can lead to improved treatments for gastrointestinal disorders.