Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Proprioceptive contribution to oculomotor control in humans.

Human brain mapping·2022
Same author

Distorted gaze direction input to attentional priority map in spatial neglect.

Neuropsychologia·2019
Same author

Role of Oculoproprioception in Coding the Locus of Attention.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2015
Same author

Abnormal center-periphery gradient in spatial attention in simultanagnosia.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2014
Same author

Role of somatosensory cortex in visuospatial attention.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2013
Same author

Serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of transthyretin in Lewy body disorders with and without dementia.

PloS one·2012
Same journal

Sensorimotor Adaptation of Vocal Pitch Is Impaired in Cerebellar Ataxia.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Memory in the Palm of Your Hand: Smartphone-based Methods for Measuring Memory in the Wild.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Processing Asymmetry in Object-modifying Relative Clauses: Evidence from Functional Connectivity.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Extensive Experience Remodels Neural Task Circuitry to Escape the Frontal Bottleneck and Increase Automaticity of Categorization.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Investigating the Effects of Acute Stress on Neural Mechanisms of Self-controlled Decision-making.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Distilling the Neurophenomenological Signatures of Pure Awareness during Transcendental Meditation.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
06:46

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Published on: March 18, 2019

Visual sensitivity shifts with perceived eye position.

Bartholomäus Odoj1, Daniela Balslev

  • 1Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. d.balslev@gmail.com

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|March 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human postcentral gyrus (S1(EYE)) influences spatial attention. Modulating this area shifts perceived eye position and enhances visual sensitivity, demonstrating a link between eye position signals and attention.

More Related Videos

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
06:46

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Published on: March 18, 2019

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Sensory Processing

Background:

  • Spatial attention involves prioritizing stimulus processing at specific locations.
  • Oculomotor structures like the superior colliculus and frontal eye fields are known to modulate visuospatial attention.
  • The human ocular proprioceptive area (S1(EYE)) in the postcentral gyrus has been proposed to play a role in attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional coupling between cortical eye position signals in S1(EYE) and visuospatial attention.
  • To determine if shifts in perceived eye position and visual sensitivity are spatially congruent.

Main Methods:

  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) using continuous theta burst stimulation over the S1(EYE) area.
  • Experiment 1: Measured perceived eye position by assessing saccade accuracy towards a sound.
  • Experiment 2 & 3: Assessed visual sensitivity and search behavior in response to stimuli presented at varying locations.

Main Results:

  • Reduced excitability in S1(EYE) led to an underestimation of eye rotation, causing saccades to undershoot targets.
  • Participants showed enhanced visual discrimination for stimuli presented nearer the orbit midline.
  • Search behavior indicated increased visual sensitivity near the orbit midline, aligning with the direction of perceived eye position shift.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest a functional coupling between the cortical eye position signal in the somatosensory cortex (S1(EYE)) and visuospatial attention.
  • Modulation of S1(EYE) influences both the sense of eye position and the allocation of visual attention.
  • This study provides evidence for the role of S1(EYE) in integrating proprioceptive information with attentional mechanisms.