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Related Concept Videos

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Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
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Updated: May 13, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

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Published on: June 25, 2019

Dysfunctional visual word form processing in progressive alexia.

Stephen M Wilson1, Kindle Rising, Matthew T Stib

  • 1Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, P.O. Box 210071, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. smwilson@u.arizona.edu

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|March 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Progressive alexia, a reading deficit, is linked to a dysfunctional visual word form system. Functional MRI can detect these neural changes early, even before significant brain atrophy is visible.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neurology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Progressive alexia results from brain region degeneration impacting written word processing.
  • The visual word form area (VWFA) in the occipito-temporal cortex is crucial for reading.
  • A posterior-to-anterior processing stream is essential for visual word form analysis.

Observation:

  • Two patients with progressive alexia underwent structural and functional MRI.
  • Voxel-based morphometry revealed left-lateralized occipito-temporal atrophy in both patients.
  • Functional MRI assessed brain activity during word and non-word visual stimuli presentation.

Findings:

  • Control subjects exhibited a word-selective posterior-to-anterior gradient and a defined VWFA.
  • Neither patient with progressive alexia showed a selectivity gradient or word-specific VWFA activation.
  • One patient had impaired anterior VWFA word selectivity; the other showed minimal VWFA activation.

Implications:

  • Progressive alexia is associated with a dysfunctional visual word form system, regardless of atrophy severity.
  • Functional MRI can identify neural underpinnings of cognitive deficits in early neurodegeneration.
  • fMRI may detect early-stage neurodegenerative changes before substantial cortical atrophy occurs.