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Related Experiment Video

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Exploring Infant Sensitivity to Visual Language using Eye Tracking and the Preferential Looking Paradigm
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Published on: May 15, 2019

When does Iconicity in Sign Language Matter?

Cristina Baus1, Manuel Carreiras, Karen Emmorey

  • 1Department of Technology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain ; Basque Research Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Spain.

Language and Cognitive Processes
|April 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Iconicity in American Sign Language (ASL) aids new learners but hinders proficient signers in translation tasks. This suggests iconicity is beneficial for initial memorization but can complicate fluent sign language use.

Keywords:
American Sign Languagebilingualismiconicitytranslation

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Iconicity, the degree to which a sign visually resembles its referent, is a feature of many sign languages, including American Sign Language (ASL).
  • The role of iconicity in sign language acquisition and fluent use remains an active area of research.
  • Understanding iconicity's impact is crucial for developing effective sign language pedagogy and translation tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of iconicity in American Sign Language (ASL) on translation performance.
  • To compare the influence of iconicity on novice signers versus proficient ASL-English bilinguals.
  • To determine if iconicity aids or impedes the translation process at different proficiency levels.

Main Methods:

  • A translation recognition task and a production translation task were administered to two groups: hearing nonsigners and proficient ASL-English bilinguals.
  • Nonsigners were trained on 28 ASL verbs, with half being iconic and half non-iconic.
  • Performance metrics included recognition accuracy, recognition speed, and forward/backward translation times.

Main Results:

  • New learners demonstrated enhanced performance with iconic signs, showing faster and more accurate recognition and quicker translation times.
  • Proficient ASL-English bilinguals exhibited slower recognition and translation times for iconic signs compared to non-iconic signs.
  • Iconicity appeared to benefit early memorization for novices but introduced complexities for fluent signers, potentially due to increased lexical equivalents or conceptual mediation.

Conclusions:

  • Iconicity in ASL appears to facilitate the initial learning and memorization process for new signers.
  • For proficient signers, iconicity may not enhance, and can even impede, translation efficiency due to factors like multiple translation equivalents and conceptual mediation.
  • The findings suggest a differential impact of sign iconicity based on language proficiency, highlighting its complex role in sign language processing.