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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections
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Adherence to imported fire ant subcutaneous immunotherapy.

Shayne C Stokes1, James M Quinn, Joshua J Sacha

  • 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Wilford Hall Medical Center, San Antonio, TX 78236, USA. shayne.stokes@us.af.mil

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
|April 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Patient adherence to imported fire ant (IFA) subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is crucial for its effectiveness. While many start IFA SCIT, long-term adherence remains low due to inconvenience and fear.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Imported fire ant (IFA) subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is a safe and effective treatment for IFA allergy.
  • Optimal protection requires monthly SCIT for 3-5 years, necessitating high patient adherence for successful outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate SCIT adherence in patients with imported fire ant allergy in an endemic region.
  • To identify factors influencing adherence to IFA SCIT.

Main Methods:

  • Systemic reaction to IFA sting and detectable specific IgE were inclusion criteria.
  • Demographic data and initial reaction severity were collected.
  • Patients were assessed at 1 year for adherence, interval reactions, and reasons for nonadherence.

Main Results:

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  • 71% of patients initiated IFA SCIT, but only 35% remained adherent after 1 year.
  • No significant differences in adherence were found based on age, sex, or initial reaction severity.
  • Inconvenience and fear were primary reasons for nonadherence.

Conclusions:

  • Despite being life-saving, IFA SCIT adherence is suboptimal, with significant drop-off after the first year.
  • Logistical challenges and patient fear are major barriers to sustained adherence.
  • Strategies to address inconvenience and fear are needed to improve IFA SCIT outcomes.