The contribution of head position, standing surface and vision to postural control in young adults

Postural control requires the integration of sensory information and is essential for performing every day movements and activities. Integrating sensory information from multiple sources may be challenging when competing sources of sensory information are affected. To further understand this complex relationship, this study investigated the contribution of varying sources of sensory information to postural control in healthy, young participants. Sixty young healthy adults (n=22 males; mean age, 24.6 ± 2.1 SD years and (n=38 females, mean age 24.0 ± 1.4 SD years) were asked to maintain a stable posture under conditions that varied standing surface, head position and the availability of visual information. Sway velocity was largest when standing on foam with eyes closed and head extended (2.07°/s) however, under the same visual-surface conditions with the head in a neutral position, sway velocity (1.59°/s) was smaller yet remained significant. Findings from this study suggest that postural sway responses are dependent on the combined integration of available sources of sensory information. It is anticipated that such baseline information will allow us to apply our findings to the clinical management of individuals suffering from balance and vestibular impairments.