Risk factors for falls in multiple sclerosis: an observational study.

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Rehabilitation Science
• Gerontology

Background:

• Multiple sclerosis (MS) is frequently associated with a high incidence of falls.
• These falls significantly impair daily activities and participation for individuals with MS.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify and evaluate key risk factors for falls in people with MS.
• To utilize robust clinical measures for accurate falls risk assessment.

Main Methods:

• 148 participants with MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale 3.5-6.5) were analyzed.
• Eight predictor measures, including the Ashworth scale and Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA), were used.
• Falls were prospectively recorded over three months, with "fallers" defined as experiencing ≥ two falls.

Main Results:

• Over half (52.7%) of participants were classified as fallers, reporting 672 falls in total.
• Continence issues, a history of falls, and prescribed medications were linked to increased fall risk.
• The Ashworth scale, PPA risk score, and EDSS demonstrated predictive ability for faller classification (ROC c-statistic 0.73).

Conclusions:

• This study reaffirms the high prevalence of falls among ambulatory individuals with MS.
• Identified risk factors, such as continence issues and medication use, are potentially modifiable.
• Findings suggest targets for developing effective falls prevention interventions in MS.