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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

3D Planning and Printing of Patient Specific Implants for Reconstruction of Bony Defects
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3D Planning and Printing of Patient Specific Implants for Reconstruction of Bony Defects

Published on: August 4, 2020

3D printed bionic ears.

Manu S Mannoor1, Ziwen Jiang, Teena James

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.

Nano Letters
|May 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a 3D printing method to combine biological cells and nanoelectronics, creating a bionic ear. This novel approach enables enhanced auditory sensing and stereo music reception, merging biology with advanced electronic functionalities.

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Long-term Sensory Conflict in Freely Behaving Mice
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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

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Published on: August 4, 2020

Long-term Sensory Conflict in Freely Behaving Mice
06:12

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Published on: February 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Conventional electronics are 2D, hindering integration with 3D biological tissues.
  • Creating bionic organs requires merging disparate materials and manufacturing processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel additive manufacturing strategy for integrating biological cells with nanoelectronic elements.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of creating functional bionic organs with enhanced capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3D printing to combine cell-seeded hydrogel with nanoparticle-infused conducting polymers.
  • Fabricated a bionic ear with an integrated inductive coil antenna and cochlea-shaped electrodes.
  • Cultured cartilage tissue around electronic components within the printed structure.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created a bionic ear capable of in vitro cartilage tissue growth.
  • Demonstrated enhanced auditory sensing through radio frequency reception.
  • Achieved stereo audio music playback using complementary printed ears.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed additive manufacturing approach effectively merges biological and nanoelectronic functionalities.
  • This strategy offers a pathway for creating advanced bionic organs with superior capabilities.
  • The technology has potential applications in regenerative medicine and bioelectronic interfaces.