Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 11, 2026

Ginger Moxibustion, A Non-pharmacological Treatment, for Diarrhea in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Published on: December 27, 2024
[Medical treatment of COPD]
Jørgen Vestbo1, Ingrid L Titlestad
1Lungemedicinsk Afdeling J, Odense Universitetshospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark. jvestbo@dadlnet.dk
Abstract:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is treated with bronchodilator and antiinflammatory drugs along with smoking cessation and pulmonary rehabilitation. The pharmacological treatment of COPD is based on the assessment of current symptoms and future risk as first proposed in the GOLD 2011 strategy document. Long-acting bronchodilatators are the cornerstone of treatment of COPD and inhaled drugs are always preferred. Inhaled corticosteroids can be added for reducing exacerbations where also roflumilast has proven efficacy. This review covers recommendations for treating COPD according to the latest recommendations from the Danish Respiratory Society.
Related Concept Videos
COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management
Smoking Cessation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Nursing Management
Assessment
