[Prospects of stem cells application in patients with ischemic heart disease (review)]

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of human mortality. Despite of recent advances in the management of CHD (drug treatment, coronary angioplasty and stenting, coronary artery bypass surgery) prognostic estimation of this kind of mortality threatens to increase to the year 2030. Major cause of adversity of CHD is decrease in myocardial contractility which leads to heart failure (HF). HF occurs as a result of myocardial cell ischemic injury or infarction. There is general assumption that recovery of myocardial contractility after tissue injury is not available. This dogma has been changed for the last decade with the introduction of stem cell (SC) therapy in cardiology. Research in this detection (nowadays the phase I-II of research is going on) proved SC therapy safety for human body (no risk of oncogenesis, heart attack or ventricular tachycardia, there is no heart remodeling and no need of coronary revascularization) and efficacy in myocardial contractility improvement (increase of left ventricular ejection fraction). Such positive results were obtained with the use of high dose SC therapy (10 8 cell) and its application the first week of acute myocardial infarction.