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Updated: May 11, 2026

Assembly and Characterization of an External Driver for the Generation of Sub-Kilohertz Oscillatory Flow in Microchannels

Assembly and Characterization of an External Driver for the Generation of Sub-Kilohertz Oscillatory Flow in Microchannels

Published on: January 28, 2022

Orifice jamming of fluid-driven granular flow.

Patrick G Lafond¹, Matthew W Gilmer, Carolyn A Koh

¹Center for Hydrate Research, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|May 18, 2013

Summary

Particle flow through restrictions can jam. This study models jamming probability, showing it stabilizes in steady-state flow and follows a geometric distribution related to particle size and opening diameter.

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Particle physics
Statistical mechanics

Background:

Understanding particle flow and jamming is crucial in various industrial processes.
Previous studies focused on 2D systems or gravity-driven flows.
The behavior of 3D neutrally buoyant particle mixtures in flow restrictions remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the three-dimensional jamming dynamics of particle mixtures flowing through a restriction.
To develop models for the transition from initial accumulation to steady-state flow.
To characterize the jamming probability and its relationship with particle and restriction geometry.

Main Methods:

Simulations of neutrally buoyant monodisperse, bidisperse, and tridisperse particle mixtures.
Analysis of particle accumulation and backlog formation at a flow restriction.
Development of theoretical models for jamming probability and flow transitions.

Main Results:

A transient phase with low jamming probability transitions to a steady-state flow.
Jamming probability in steady-state flow follows a geometric distribution.
A model predicts jamming probability proportional to (R(2)(2)-1), where R(2) is a particle size ratio.
This behavior is independent of mixture composition and applies to various restriction shapes.

Conclusions:

The study provides a comprehensive model for 3D particle jamming in flow restrictions.
The developed models accurately describe the transition and steady-state jamming behavior.
Findings offer insights into controlling particle flow and preventing blockages in industrial applications.