Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Theory of Strong Electrolytes01:23

Theory of Strong Electrolytes

The interionic forces of the strong electrolytes depend on the solvent's dielectric constant, which is the ability of a solvent to store electrical energy, based on its polarizability. and the solution's concentration. In high-dielectric solvents and in dilute solutions, weak electrostatic forces keep ions apart. However, in low-dielectric solvents or concentrated solutions, stronger interionic forces may cause ions to pair up as ionic doublets despite being fully ionized. The theory of strong...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
Gauss's Law in Dielectrics01:17

Gauss's Law in Dielectrics

Consider a polar dielectric placed in an external field. In such a dielectric, opposite charges on adjacent dipoles neutralize each other, such that the net charge within the dielectric is zero. When a polar dielectric is inserted in between the capacitor plates, an electric field is generated due to the presence of net charges near the edge of the dielectric and the metal plates interface. Since the external electrical field merely aligns the dipoles, the dielectric as a whole is neutral. An...
Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
Energy In A Magnetic Field01:24

Energy In A Magnetic Field

If a magnetic field is sustained, there must be a current in a closed circuit or loop, implying some energy has been spent in creating the field. If this energy is not dissipated via the circuit's resistance, it is stored in the field.
Take an ideal inductor with zero resistance. Although it's practically impossible, assume that the coil's resistance is so small that it is practically negligible. The loss of the field's energy to dissipate thermal energy (or heat) is thus negligible.
The energy...
Resting Potential Decay01:15

Resting Potential Decay

The resting membrane potential of a neuron (-70mV) is sustained due to the selective ion permeability of the membrane. At the resting potential, the membrane is slightly permeable to ions like sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) and highly permeable to potassium ions (K+). Differences in the ions' concentration inside the cell compared to the outside are maintained by membrane transport proteins like channels and pumps.
At rest, the K+ is the main ion that moves across the membrane through...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An improved synthesis of the saponin, polyphyllin D.

Carbohydrate research·2001
Same author

Noninvasive diagnosis of renal-allograft rejection by measurement of messenger RNA for perforin and granzyme B in urine.

The New England journal of medicine·2001
Same author

MHC-independent allograft vascular disease: mRNA profile in the MHC congenic rat heterotopic cardiac transplant model.

Transplantation proceedings·2001
Same author

Endothelin is a potent inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 secretion and activation in rat mesangial cells.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·2001
Same author

[Morphological studies of myocardial fibrosis in different types of Keshan disease].

Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology·2001
Same author

[Placental site trophoblastic tumor: a study of clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis].

Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology·2001
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
07:54

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Published on: April 3, 2018

Electrostatic decay in a weakly magnetized plasma.

A Layden1, Iver H Cairns, B Li

  • 1School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. a.layden@physics.usyd.edu.au

Physical Review Letters
|May 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrostatic decay of Langmuir waves in magnetized plasmas is always kinematically allowed. This process can generate very small wave number daughter Langmuir waves, consistent with solar wind observations.

More Related Videos

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
08:10

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas

Published on: May 25, 2021

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
07:17

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

Published on: August 1, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
07:54

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Published on: April 3, 2018

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
08:10

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas

Published on: May 25, 2021

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
07:17

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

Published on: August 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Astrophysics
  • Space Physics

Background:

  • The electrostatic (ES) decay of Langmuir waves is a fundamental process in plasma physics.
  • In unmagnetized plasmas, this decay is kinematically restricted.
  • Understanding wave-particle interactions is crucial for interpreting space plasma phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generalize the kinematics of electrostatic (ES) decay to weakly magnetized plasmas.
  • To investigate the production of daughter Langmuir waves with small wave numbers.
  • To compare simulation results with in-situ spacecraft observations.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical generalization of ES decay kinematics in magnetized plasmas.
  • Quasilinear simulations to model the decay process.
  • Analysis of simulation data for wave number spectra and polarization.

Main Results:

  • ES decay in magnetized plasmas is always kinematically permitted.
  • The process can generate daughter Langmuir waves with very small wave numbers.
  • Simulated ES decay is consistent with STEREO spacecraft observations of transversely polarized Langmuir waves.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetization fundamentally alters the conditions for ES decay of Langmuir waves.
  • The findings explain observed transversely polarized Langmuir waves in the solar wind.
  • This work advances our understanding of plasma turbulence and wave dynamics in space environments.