Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a surface,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Informational blueprints reveal condition-dependent gene regulatory architectures.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Reverse Janssen effect with non-spherical grains.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Liquidlike Dynamics in Ordered Soft-Particle Systems.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Measurement-induced phase transitions in informational active matter.

PNAS nexus·2026
Same author

The fourfold way to rupture in active solids.

Nature materials·2026
Same author

Learning functional groups in complex microbiomes.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

The TaMYB55-TaSnRK1α1-TabZIP9 module confers heat stress tolerance in wheat.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Superstatistics approach to turbulent circulation fluctuations.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

A molecular timescale for evolution of cobamide biosynthesis.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Pierre Chambon, a pioneer of molecular biology and gene regulation in eukaryotes.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Granulosa cell glycogen fuels the avascular corpus luteum.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Synthetic essentiality of TRAIL/TNFSF10 in VHL-deficient renal cell carcinoma.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Fabricating High-viscosity Droplets using Microfluidic Capillary Device with Phase-inversion Co-flow Structure
08:02

Fabricating High-viscosity Droplets using Microfluidic Capillary Device with Phase-inversion Co-flow Structure

Published on: April 17, 2018

Stable nematic droplets with handles.

Ekapop Pairam1, Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu, Vinzenz Koning

  • 1School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers stabilized nematic droplets using a yield-stress material, revealing persistent twisted director configurations and new defect structures. This work advances understanding of liquid crystal elasticity and topological constraints.

Keywords:
boojumdouble twistgeometric frustrationtopologytorus

More Related Videos

Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics
08:37

Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics

Published on: January 13, 2023

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
10:11

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Published on: April 19, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Fabricating High-viscosity Droplets using Microfluidic Capillary Device with Phase-inversion Co-flow Structure
08:02

Fabricating High-viscosity Droplets using Microfluidic Capillary Device with Phase-inversion Co-flow Structure

Published on: April 17, 2018

Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics
08:37

Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics

Published on: January 13, 2023

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
10:11

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Published on: April 19, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Liquid Crystal Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nematic droplets are susceptible to surface tension-driven instabilities.
  • Understanding defect structures in liquid crystals is crucial for their applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To stabilize nematic droplets against instabilities.
  • To investigate the resulting complex nematic textures and defect structures.
  • To explore the interplay between topological constraints and liquid crystal elasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Stabilization of nematic droplets using a yield-stress outer fluid.
  • Experimental observation of nematic textures and defect formation.
  • Computer simulations to analyze director configurations and elastic free energy.

Main Results:

  • A persistent twisted configuration of the nematic director was observed.
  • Saddle-splay energy was found to screen twisting energy in toroidal droplets, leading to mirror symmetry breaking.
  • Two additional -1 surface defects per handle were identified in droplets with handles, located in saddle geometry regions.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully stabilized nematic droplets and characterized their complex internal structures.
  • The findings provide insights into the role of saddle splay in liquid crystal elasticity and defect formation.
  • The research contributes to the fundamental understanding of topological defects in soft matter systems.