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Related Concept Videos

Types of Damping01:20

Types of Damping

If the amount of damping in a system is gradually increased, the period and frequency start to become affected because damping opposes, and hence slows, the back and forth motion (the net force is smaller in both directions). If there is a very large amount of damping, the system does not even oscillate; instead, it slowly moves toward equilibrium. In brief, an overdamped system moves slowly towards equilibrium, whereas an underdamped system moves quickly to equilibrium but will oscillate about...
Forced Oscillations01:06

Forced Oscillations

When an oscillator is forced with a periodic driving force, the motion may seem chaotic. The motions of such oscillators are known as transients. After the transients die out, the oscillator reaches a steady state, where the motion is periodic, and the displacement is determined.
Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...
Second Order systems II01:18

Second Order systems II

In an underdamped second-order system, where the damping ratio ζ is between 0 and 1, a unit-step input results in a transfer function that, when transformed using the inverse Laplace method, reveals the output response. The output exhibits a damped sinusoidal oscillation, and the difference between the input and output is termed the error signal. This error signal also demonstrates damped oscillatory behavior. Eventually, as the system reaches a steady state, the error diminishes to zero.
If  ζ...
Mechanical Systems01:22

Mechanical Systems

Mechanical systems are analogous to to electrical networks where springs and masses play similar roles to inductors and capacitors, respectively. A viscous damper in mechanical systems functions similarly to a resistor in electrical networks, dissipating energy. The forces acting on a mass in such systems include an applied force in the direction of motion, counteracted by forces from the spring, a viscous damper, and the mass's acceleration. This interplay of forces is mathematically described...
Relation between Mathematical Equations and Block Diagrams01:20

Relation between Mathematical Equations and Block Diagrams

In a spring-mass-damper system, the second-order differential equation describes the dynamic behavior of the system. When transformed into the Laplace domain under zero initial conditions, this equation can be effectively analyzed and manipulated. The transformation into the Laplace domain converts differential equations into algebraic equations, simplifying the process of isolating the output.

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An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Dynamical critical phenomena in driven-dissipative systems.

L M Sieberer1, S D Huber, E Altman

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

Physical Review Letters
|May 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a new dynamical universality class for Bose condensation in driven open quantum systems. This finding expands the understanding of critical points beyond equilibrium phase transitions and offers experimental probes.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Driven open quantum systems, like exciton-polariton condensates, exhibit complex dynamics.
  • Understanding Bose condensation transitions in these systems is crucial for quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the dynamical critical behavior of Bose condensation in driven open quantum systems.
  • To identify new universality classes beyond equilibrium phase transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a functional renormalization group approach within the Keldysh framework.
  • Analyzed decoherence and low-frequency dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Identified a novel critical exponent specific to driven systems.
  • Established a new dynamical universality class for these systems.
  • Demonstrated that critical points in driven systems transcend standard equilibrium classifications.

Conclusions:

  • Driven open quantum systems exhibit critical behavior distinct from equilibrium systems.
  • The newly identified critical exponent and universality class offer new theoretical and experimental avenues.
  • Experimental verification is possible in driven cold atomic systems and exciton-polariton condensates.