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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
06:15

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Published on: August 9, 2024

Late onset Ito's nevus.

Cristina Resende1, Catarina Araújo, Ana Paula Vieira

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal. cristinapresende@gmail.com

BMJ Case Reports
|June 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dermal melanocytoses, like nevus of Ito, involve dermal melanocytes. This case highlights a rare Caucasian presentation of nevus of Ito, emphasizing its occurrence beyond Asian populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Dermal melanocytoses are characterized by dermal dendritic melanocytes.
  • Common forms include Mongolian spots, nevus of Ota, and nevus of Ito.
  • These lesions are more prevalent in Asian populations but occur in Caucasians.

Observation:

  • A 24-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a 10-month history of progressive darkening on her upper right back.
  • Clinical examination revealed a macular blue-grey hyperpigmentation.
  • Biopsy confirmed spindle-shaped dendritic melanocytes in the superficial dermis.

Findings:

  • Histopathological analysis revealed multiple darkly pigmented, spindle-shaped dendritic melanocytes in the superficial dermis.
  • The arrangement of melanocytes was interstitial between collagen bundles.
  • The diagnosis of nevus of Ito was established.

Implications:

  • This case underscores that nevus of Ito can occur in Caucasian individuals.
  • It highlights the importance of considering dermal melanocytoses in diverse populations.
  • Continued dermatological monitoring is recommended for such conditions.