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Pigmentation

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Oropharyngeal Administration of Bleomycin in the Murine Model of Pulmonary Fibrosis

Oropharyngeal Administration of Bleomycin in the Murine Model of Pulmonary Fibrosis

Published on: May 9, 2025

Bleomycin-induced flagellate hyperpigmentation.

Cristina Resende¹, Catarina Araújo, Joana Gomes

¹Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal. cristinapresende@gmail.com

BMJ Case Reports

|June 8, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Bleomycin, a chemotherapy drug, can cause flagellate hyperpigmentation, a unique skin reaction. This case study documents this side effect in a young woman treated for ovarian dysgerminoma.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Dermatology
Pharmacology

Background:

Bleomycin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for various cancers.
Flagellate hyperpigmentation is a recognized, albeit uncommon, side effect of bleomycin treatment.
Understanding treatment-related side effects is crucial for patient management.

Observation:

A 23-year-old female patient with a history of ovarian dysgerminoma received bleomycin therapy.
The patient subsequently developed distinctive linear, whip-like hyperpigmented lesions on her trunk.
These clinical observations are consistent with flagellate hyperpigmentation.

Findings:

The case confirms the association between bleomycin administration and the development of flagellate hyperpigmentation.
The unique dermatological manifestation appeared following the completion of bleomycin treatment.
This highlights the importance of recognizing specific side effect profiles of chemotherapeutic agents.

Implications:

Awareness of this side effect can aid clinicians in early diagnosis and management of bleomycin-induced skin reactions.
This case contributes to the existing literature on bleomycin's cutaneous toxicity.
Further research may explore the precise mechanisms and risk factors for flagellate hyperpigmentation.