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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:16

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi radialis,...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Metacarpal Small Incision for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
04:08

Metacarpal Small Incision for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Published on: April 5, 2024

[Carpal injuries in children].

P Journeau1

  • 1Service de chirurgie infantile A, hôpital d'enfants, CHU de Nancy, allée du Morvan, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.

Chirurgie De La Main
|June 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing carpal injuries in children, like scaphoid fractures, is challenging due to bone development. Non-displaced fractures often heal well with casting, but non-union is a risk.

Keywords:
Capitate fractureChildrenEnfantFracture du capitatumFracture du lunatumFracture du scaphoïdeLunate fractureLuxation périlunairePerilunar dislocationScaphoid fracture

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Metacarpal Small Incision for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
04:08

Metacarpal Small Incision for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Published on: April 5, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Pediatric Hand and Wrist Surgery

Background:

  • Carpal injuries in children are rare, complicating diagnosis due to delayed ossification of carpal bones.
  • Scaphoid fractures account for 3% of pediatric hand and wrist fractures, typically occurring in the distal third or waist.
  • Accurate diagnosis of pediatric carpal injuries often requires advanced imaging like CT scans and MRIs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnostic challenges and treatment outcomes of carpal bone fractures and ligament injuries in pediatric patients.
  • To highlight the effectiveness of conservative management for non-displaced scaphoid fractures in children.
  • To discuss the role of advanced imaging and potential complications in pediatric wrist injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on pediatric carpal bone fractures and ligament injuries.
  • Analysis of diagnostic modalities including radiography, CT scans, and MRI.
  • Evaluation of treatment strategies, focusing on closed casting for scaphoid fractures.

Main Results:

  • Non-displaced or minimally-displaced scaphoid fractures demonstrate high union rates with closed cast treatment (8 weeks or longer for adolescents).
  • Non-union is the most common complication, potentially treatable with casting if specific deformities are absent.
  • Other carpal bone fractures and ligament injuries are infrequent, with CT, MRI, or arthroscopy aiding diagnosis when suspected.

Conclusions:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of pediatric carpal injuries is crucial, often necessitating advanced imaging beyond plain radiography.
  • Conservative management with closed casting is effective for many non-displaced pediatric scaphoid fractures.
  • Awareness of potential complications like non-union and the utility of advanced imaging for less common injuries is essential for pediatric orthopedic care.