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The Italian Register of Biological Prostheses.

F Coccolini1, E Poiasina, P Bertoli

  • 1General Surgery Departement, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy. federico.coccolini@gmail.com

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Biological prostheses (BPs) are versatile for abdominal wall defect repair in various surgical settings. However, their high cost suggests selective use, especially when synthetic meshes offer comparable outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical innovation
  • Biomaterials science
  • Hernia repair techniques

Background:

  • Abdominal wall defect repair utilizes diverse surgical meshes with varying biological properties.
  • Biological prostheses (BPs) offer unique material characteristics for surgical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively register and analyze the implantation of biological prostheses (BPs) in Italy.
  • To evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of BP use in abdominal wall defect repair.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective database was established from January 2009 to December 2010 in Italy.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, hernia types, surgical procedures, prostheses used, and follow-up outcomes.
  • 193 cases of BP implantation were registered and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The study included 193 patients (mean age 53.1 years, 1.3:1 male to female ratio).
  • Common indications included ventral-incisional and inguinal-femoral hernias, with varied surgical approaches and BP materials (swine intestinal submucosa, porcine dermal collagen, bovine pericardium).
  • One-month follow-up showed 54.4% complication-free cases, with recurrence in 5.8%. One-year follow-up demonstrated 96.4% complication-free cases and 3.6% recurrence rate.

Conclusions:

  • Biological prostheses are highly versatile for open and laparoscopic surgery, including contaminated fields.
  • Despite good outcomes, the high cost of BPs warrants their use in selected cases, considering the efficacy of synthetic meshes.