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Related Concept Videos

Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication uses a large number of...
S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication02:38

S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication

The cell cycle is a series of events leading to DNA duplication followed by the division of cell content to form two daughter cells. The cell cycle progresses in four stages—the cell increases in size (gap 1 or G1-phase), duplicates its DNA (synthesis or S-phase), prepares to divide (gap 2 or G2-phase), and divides (mitosis or M-phase).
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of replication.

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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
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Regulating DNA replication in eukarya.

Khalid Siddiqui1, Kin Fan On, John F X Diffley

  • 1Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, Herts EN6 3LD, United Kingdom.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|July 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell cycle control ensures DNA replication occurs only once per cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) activities orchestrate this process, preventing genetic material duplication errors.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • DNA replication in eukaryotic cells requires precise control to ensure accurate genetic inheritance.
  • Cell cycle progression is regulated by oscillating activities of key protein complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the conserved mechanisms governing DNA replication timing in eukaryotes.
  • To understand the role of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) in preventing DNA rereplication.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of conserved regulatory strategies across different organisms.
  • Investigation of the interplay between CDK and APC/C activities during the cell cycle.

Main Results:

  • Inactive replication complexes assemble during low CDK and high APC/C activity.
  • Genome duplication is enabled only when CDK activity rises and APC/C activity falls.
  • High CDK and low APC/C activity prevent replication complex reassembly, inhibiting rereplication.

Conclusions:

  • A conserved molecular switch involving CDK and APC/C dictates the "once-per-cell-cycle" DNA replication.
  • Higher eukaryotes possess additional CDK-independent mechanisms to safeguard against rereplication.