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Related Concept Videos

Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
14:52

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

Published on: September 23, 2018

Covalently interconnected three-dimensional graphene oxide solids.

Parambath M Sudeep1, Tharangattu N Narayanan, Aswathi Ganesan

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering & Material Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.

ACS Nano
|July 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created 3D graphene oxide scaffolds from 2D layers. These porous, conductive materials show high CO2 gas adsorption capacity for potential carbon solid applications.

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Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
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Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions

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Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies
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Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies

Published on: November 5, 2015

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
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Published on: September 23, 2018

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
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Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions

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Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies
10:23

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies

Published on: November 5, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Carbon Materials

Background:

  • Engineering three-dimensional (3D) nanoporous architectures from nanoscale building blocks is a significant challenge.
  • Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising 2D material for constructing advanced nanostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize ordered, macroscopic 3D solid scaffolds using graphene oxide (GO) building blocks.
  • To investigate the properties and potential applications of these 3D GO architectures.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of 3D GO scaffolds via chemical cross-linking of 2D GO sheets.
  • Controlled reduction of 3D GO structures to form conductive graphene scaffolds.
  • Assessment of CO2 gas adsorption capacity under ambient conditions.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized ordered, stacked macroscopic 3D GO solid scaffolds.
  • The resulting 3D GO networks exhibit highly porous and interconnected structures.
  • Reduced 3D graphene scaffolds demonstrate conductivity.
  • Achieved high CO2 sorption capacity, indicating potential for gas storage.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated a method for creating 3D conductive graphene scaffolds from 2D GO layers.
  • The synthesized 3D architectures show significant promise for gas storage applications, particularly CO2 capture.
  • Highlights the potential for developing novel functional carbon solids from 2D materials.