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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm01:29

Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm

Respiratory Depth
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
Mechanism of Breathing III: The Accessory Muscles01:21

Mechanism of Breathing III: The Accessory Muscles

The Role of Accessory Muscles in the Respiratory System
The respiratory system is a complex network that relies on primary respiratory muscles like the diaphragm, but also involves accessory muscles to enhance lung expansion and airflow during both inhalation and exhalation.
Enhancing Inhalation with Accessory Muscles:
Accessory muscles such as the sternocleidomastoid, scalene, intercostal, and abdominal muscles are crucial when additional respiratory effort is required, such as during deep...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans
07:26

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans

Published on: October 17, 2018

Voice function differences following resting breathing versus submaximal exercise.

Mary J Sandage1, Nadine P Connor, David D Pascoe

  • 1Department of Communication Disorders, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. sandamj@auburn.edu

Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|July 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physical exercise increases phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and perceived phonatory effort (PPE), while decreasing upper airway temperature. This suggests increased laryngeal effort during voice use with physical activity.

Keywords:
Submaximal exerciseThermoregulationVocal function

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Voice science
  • Respiratory thermoregulation

Background:

  • Limited understanding of how physical exercise impacts voice production physiology.
  • Voice function is sensitive to changes in airway environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of submaximal exercise on vocal function and upper airway temperature.
  • To compare physiological voice parameters and pharyngeal temperature during rest versus post-exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Within-participant repeated measures design with 18 participants.
  • Measurements included pharyngeal temperature, phonation threshold pressure (PTP), and perceived phonatory effort (PPE) before and after exercise.
  • Submaximal exercise involved 8 minutes on a stationary bike in a controlled environment.

Main Results:

  • Phonation threshold pressure (PTP) significantly increased post-exercise.
  • Perceived phonatory effort (PPE) significantly increased post-exercise.
  • Pharyngeal temperature significantly decreased by 1.9°C post-exercise.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise necessitates greater laryngeal effort and closure forces for voice production.
  • Reduced upper airway temperature following exercise may influence voice function.
  • Further research is needed to explore the impact of airway temperature changes on voice.