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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker proteins that...
Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon towards...
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However, invadopodia can...
Role of Myosin in Cell Migration01:18

Role of Myosin in Cell Migration

Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II  is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction. It is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Study of Cell Migration in Microfabricated Channels
09:36

Study of Cell Migration in Microfabricated Channels

Published on: February 21, 2014

Dimensions in cell migration.

Andrew D Doyle1, Ryan J Petrie, Matthew L Kutys

  • 1Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, United States. adoyle@mail.nih.gov

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|July 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell migration is crucial in health and disease. Recent studies show that the extracellular matrix (ECM) dimensionality significantly impacts cell migration, revealing new insights beyond 2D models.

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Concentric Gel System to Study the Biophysical Role of Matrix Microenvironment on 3D Cell Migration
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Concentric Gel System to Study the Biophysical Role of Matrix Microenvironment on 3D Cell Migration

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Characterizing Cell Migration Within Three-dimensional In Vitro Wound Environments
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Characterizing Cell Migration Within Three-dimensional In Vitro Wound Environments

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Study of Cell Migration in Microfabricated Channels
09:36

Study of Cell Migration in Microfabricated Channels

Published on: February 21, 2014

Concentric Gel System to Study the Biophysical Role of Matrix Microenvironment on 3D Cell Migration
11:43

Concentric Gel System to Study the Biophysical Role of Matrix Microenvironment on 3D Cell Migration

Published on: April 3, 2015

Characterizing Cell Migration Within Three-dimensional In Vitro Wound Environments
06:10

Characterizing Cell Migration Within Three-dimensional In Vitro Wound Environments

Published on: August 16, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Cell migration is fundamental to physiological processes and disease pathogenesis.
  • Two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models have revealed key molecular mechanisms of cell migration.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in regulating cell migration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evolving concepts in cell migration research.
  • To emphasize the impact of extracellular matrix (ECM) dimensionality on cell migration.
  • To bridge the understanding between 2D migration studies and 3D microenvironments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cell migration.
  • Analysis of studies investigating cell migration in various dimensionalities (2D, 3D, and other matrices).
  • Synthesis of findings on the influence of ECM properties on cell behavior.

Main Results:

  • Cell migration mechanisms elucidated in 2D cultures do not fully capture in vivo behavior.
  • The dimensionality and structural properties of the ECM profoundly influence cell migration dynamics.
  • Different dimensional environments present unique biophysical cues that dictate cell movement.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding cell migration requires considering the 3D nature of the native cellular environment.
  • ECM dimensionality is a critical factor that must be accounted for in future cell migration research.
  • Translating findings from 2D to 3D models is essential for a comprehensive understanding of cell migration in health and disease.