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Related Concept Videos

Amperometry: Overview01:10

Amperometry: Overview

Amperometry is a technique commonly used to measure the concentration of specific analytes in a solution by monitoring the electric current generated during an electrochemical reaction. It involves applying a constant potential between a working electrode and a reference electrode to measure the resulting current, which is proportional to the concentration of the analyte. The Clark oxygen electrode operates based on this principle of amperometry. It consists of a cathode and an anode enclosed...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Combined Infusion and Stimulation with Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (CIS-FSCV) to Assess Ventral Tegmental Area Receptor Regulation of Phasic Dopamine
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A Wireless IC for Wide-Range Neurochemical Monitoring Using Amperometry and Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry.

M Roham, D P Daberkow, E S Ramsson

    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
    |July 16, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a novel integrated circuit for wireless, real-time neurochemical monitoring. The chip enables wireless dopamine level detection in rats using advanced voltammetry techniques.

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    Last Updated: May 9, 2026

    Combined Infusion and Stimulation with Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (CIS-FSCV) to Assess Ventral Tegmental Area Receptor Regulation of Phasic Dopamine
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    Published on: September 12, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Real-time monitoring of neurochemical activity is crucial for understanding nervous system function.
    • Existing methods often lack wireless capabilities or sufficient sensitivity for in vivo applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate an integrated circuit for wireless, real-time monitoring of neurochemical activity.
    • To demonstrate the chip's capability in detecting dopamine levels using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV).

    Main Methods:

    • Designed and fabricated a CMOS integrated circuit with a second-order Delta-Sigma modulator and a 433 MHz transmitter.
    • The chip supports both FSCV and amperometry modes for a wide input current range.
    • Interfaced the chip with a carbon-fiber microelectrode implanted in a rat's brain.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved current resolution of 12 pA at 100 Hz (amperometry) and 132 pA at 10 kHz (FSCV) for input currents up to ±430 nA.
    • Successfully recorded extracellular dopamine levels wirelessly in an anesthetized rat using 300-V/s FSCV.
    • The circuit demonstrated low power consumption (22 µA for modulator, 400 µA for transmitter).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed integrated circuit enables first-time wireless recording of extracellular dopamine levels in vivo.
    • This technology offers a promising platform for advanced neuroscience research and potential clinical applications.
    • The chip's performance in FSCV and amperometry modes validates its utility for neurochemical monitoring.