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Updated: May 9, 2026

Rapid and Low-cost Prototyping of Medical Devices Using 3D Printed Molds for Liquid Injection Molding

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Published on: June 27, 2014

Feasibility study and optimum loading pattern of a multi-ring inflatable intravaginal applicator.

Hsiang-Chi Kuo¹, Keyur J Mehta, Ravindra Yaparpalvi

¹Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA ; Einstein Institute of Oncophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.

Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy

|July 24, 2013

Summary

Multi-ring intravaginal applicators improve dose sparing for organs at risk and vaginal mucosa in brachytherapy. Optimized peripheral loading offers better dose conformity and reduced hot spots compared to standard cylinder applicators.

Keywords:

brachytherapy endometrial cancer intravaginal multi-channel multi-ring applicator

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Rapid and Low-cost Prototyping of Medical Devices Using 3D Printed Molds for Liquid Injection Molding

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Published on: June 27, 2014

Application of Design Aspects in Uniaxial Loading Machine Development

Application of Design Aspects in Uniaxial Loading Machine Development

Published on: September 19, 2018

Area of Science:

Radiation Oncology
Medical Physics
Gynecologic Oncology

Background:

Standard cylinder applicators for intravaginal brachytherapy have limitations in sparing organs at risk (OAR) and managing dose hotspots in the vaginal mucosa.
Achieving adequate dose conformity while protecting surrounding tissues remains a challenge with traditional applicators.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the dosimetric characteristics of single-channel versus multi-channel intravaginal cylinder applicators.
To investigate the feasibility and optimal loading configurations for a multi-ring inflatable intravaginal applicator using volume point dose optimizations.

Main Methods:

Designed studies to assess the feasibility of multi-ring applicator systems.
Compared dose distributions across various multi-channel applicators and loading patterns.
Evaluated non-uniform prescription depth applications around multi-ring cylinders.

Main Results:

Multi-channel cylinders with peripheral lumina reduced dose beyond prescription depth compared to single-channel designs.
Increasing peripheral lumina from 6 to 12 did not improve dose reduction and increased hotspots near the surface.
An additional ring of lumina, positioned further from the surface, enhanced dose shaping capabilities for individualized treatments.

Conclusions:

Multi-ring applicators allow for reduced radiation dose to normal tissues and vaginal mucosa, improving conformity to complex anatomical shapes.
A modified peripheral loading pattern optimized dose distribution, achieving good conformity, OAR sparing, and reduced high-dose regions in the vaginal mucosa.