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Experimental and Data Analysis Workflow for Soft Matter Nanoindentation
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Published on: January 18, 2022

Development of a precision nanoindentation platform.

B K Nowakowski1, D T Smith, S T Smith

  • 1Nanomechanical Properties Group, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|August 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new precision nanoindentation platform (PNP) offers high accuracy for measuring material properties. This surface-referenced instrument achieves low noise and excellent stability for precise nanoindentation testing.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of material mechanical properties at the nanoscale is crucial for advanced material development.
  • Existing nanoindentation techniques face challenges in achieving high precision and long-term stability.
  • Surface-referenced methods are essential for reliable depth measurements in nanoindentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, construct, and evaluate a novel surface-referenced nanoindentation instrument, the precision nanoindentation platform (PNP).
  • To demonstrate the instrument's capability for accurate and stable measurement of mechanical properties.
  • To validate the performance of the PNP through rigorous testing on standard materials.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a symmetrically designed nanoindentation instrument with a centrally located indenter tip and force cell.
  • Utilized two servo-controlled proximity sensors with piezoelectric actuators to maintain a constant height relative to the specimen surface.
  • Employed capacitance gauges to measure indenter tip displacement relative to the surface reference frames, averaging displacements for penetration depth.
  • Achieved force measurement with a noise floor below 2 μN rms and displacement measurement with 0.4 nm rms noise at a 1 kHz sampling rate.
  • Conducted long-term stability tests (12 h) and accuracy demonstrations on fused silica and poly(methyl methacrylate) specimens.

Main Results:

  • The precision nanoindentation platform (PNP) demonstrated low noise levels (< 2 μN rms force, 0.4 nm rms displacement) and high stability (< 10 nm uncertainty over 12 h).
  • Accuracy was validated by obtaining a Young's modulus of 72 GPa ± 1.5 GPa for fused silica from multiple indentation cycles.
  • Long-term stability tests on poly(methyl methacrylate) revealed two distinct creep-like mechanisms under a fixed indentation force.

Conclusions:

  • The developed precision nanoindentation platform (PNP) is a highly accurate and stable instrument for nanoscale mechanical property characterization.
  • The surface-referenced design effectively minimizes errors associated with surface variations, enabling reliable depth measurements.
  • The PNP's performance is suitable for detailed investigation of material behavior, including creep mechanisms, at the micro- and nanoscale.