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Related Concept Videos

Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs)01:42

Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs)

Microtubule function and architecture are regulated by an array of specialized proteins called microtubule-associated proteins or MAPs. These proteins are widespread across different organisms and have conserved protein motifs, like the multi-TOG domain for tubulin binding found in the CLASP family of MAPs. Some MAPs are lineage-specific based on their conserved domains. Their functions depend upon the cytoskeletal architecture and cell type they are located within. In-plant cells, a specific...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins01:32

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular cargos...
Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon towards...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Live Cell Imaging of Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Micromechanical Manipulation of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem
07:52

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Published on: May 23, 2020

MAPs: cellular navigators for microtubule array orientations in Arabidopsis.

Sylwia Struk1, Pankaj Dhonukshe

  • 1Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.

Plant Cell Reports
|August 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are crucial for plant cell division and expansion by organizing microtubule arrays. This study reviews Arabidopsis MAPs, detailing their roles in plant development and microtubule organization.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Cell Biology
  • Cytoskeleton Dynamics
  • Molecular Plant Science

Background:

  • Microtubules, composed of α- and β-tubulin, form essential cellular structures originating from nucleation sites.
  • Plant cells possess four distinct microtubule arrays regulating cell division and expansion.
  • Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are key regulators of microtubule structure and dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey recent analyses of Arabidopsis MAPs.
  • To elucidate the effects of specific MAPs on microtubule array organization.
  • To understand the role of MAPs in plant development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on Arabidopsis MAPs.
  • Analysis of the functional roles of identified MAPs.
  • Correlation of MAP functions with microtubule array organization and plant development.

Main Results:

  • Identified key Arabidopsis MAPs including MAP65, MOR1, CLASP, katanin, TON1, FASS, TRM, TAN1, and kinesins.
  • Demonstrated that MAPs physically bind to microtubules and modulate their functions.
  • Highlighted MAPs' control over microtubule dynamic instability and interfilament cross-talk.

Conclusions:

  • MAPs are essential for constructing, deconstructing, and reorganizing microtubule arrays.
  • Spatiotemporal transitions of microtubule arrays during the cell cycle are regulated by MAPs.
  • Understanding Arabidopsis MAPs provides insights into fundamental plant cell biology and development.