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Kinase detection with gallium nitride based high electron mobility transistors.

Matthew S Makowski¹, Isaac Bryan, Zlatko Sitar

¹Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA ; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.

Applied Physics Letters

|August 7, 2013

Summary

A novel biosensor using gold nanoparticles and high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) detects SRC kinase. This label-free system offers high sensitivity for kinase sensing in drug development.

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Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Biosensors
Semiconductor Devices

Background:

Kinase activity is crucial in cellular signaling and disease.
Developing sensitive and label-free detection methods for kinases is essential for research and drug discovery.
High electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) offer potential for sensitive biosensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To fabricate a label-free biosensor for kinase detection.
To enhance the sensitivity of the biosensor by operating HEMTs near threshold voltage.
To demonstrate the utility of the developed system for kinase sensing in relevant biological contexts.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a biosensor using gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) functionalized with a kinase inhibitor.

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Immobilization of functionalized Au NPs onto AlGaN/GaN HEMTs.

Operation of the HEMT-based biosensor near its threshold voltage for maximal sensitivity.

Electrical detection of kinase in ionic solutions.

Main Results:

A label-free kinase detection system was successfully fabricated.
The biosensor demonstrated high sensitivity, detecting SRC kinase at concentrations as low as 1 pM.
Optimal sensitivity was achieved when HEMTs were operated near the threshold voltage.

Conclusions:

The developed Au NP/HEMT biosensor is a sensitive platform for label-free kinase detection.
This technology holds promise for applications in drug development and kinase-related research.
The system's ability to detect low kinase concentrations in ionic solutions highlights its practical relevance.