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Related Concept Videos

How Data are Classified: Categorical Data01:11

How Data are Classified: Categorical Data

A variable, usually notated by capital letters such as X and Y, is a characteristic or measurement that can be determined for each member of a population. Data are the actual values of variables. They may be numbers, or they may be words. Datum is a single value.
Data are classified based on whether they are measurable or not. Categorical data cannot be measured; instead, it can be divided into categories. For example, if Y denotes a person's party affiliation, some examples of Y include...
Data: Types and Distribution01:19

Data: Types and Distribution

In biostatistics, data are the observations collected for analysis. There are two main types: parametric and non-parametric. Parametric data, which include continuous (e.g., weight) and discrete numerical data (e.g., number of tablets), assume a particular distribution pattern, often the normal distribution. Non-parametric data do not adhere to a specific distribution and typically comprise nominal (e.g., gender) and ordinal categorical data (e.g., pain scale ratings).
Distributions in...
Data Reporting and Recording01:24

Data Reporting and Recording

Reporting and recording are crucial in data documentation. The timely, thorough, and accurate documentation of facts is essential when recording patient data. Failure to record findings during an assessment or interpretation of a problem will result in loss of information and make the patient document unreliable. The reader is left with general impressions if the information is not specific. A recording is documenting data of the individual's health information in a traceable, secure, and...
Nominal Level of Measurement00:56

Nominal Level of Measurement

The way a set of data is measured is called its level of measurement. Correct statistical procedures depend on a researcher being familiar with levels of measurement. Not every statistical operation can be used with every set of data. For analysis, data are classified into four levels of measurement—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
The data that cannot be measured but can be grouped into categories fall under the nominal level of measurement. Data that is measured using a nominal scale is...
How Data are Classified: Numerical Data00:59

How Data are Classified: Numerical Data

Data that are countable or measurable in specific units are called numerical or quantitative data. Quantitative data are always numbers. Quantitative data are the result of counting or measuring the attributes of a population. Amount of money, pulse rate, weight, number of people living in a town, and number of students who opt for statistics are examples of quantitative data.
Quantitative data may be either discrete or continuous. All quantitative data that take on only specific numerical...
Ordinal Level of Measurement00:55

Ordinal Level of Measurement

The way a set of data is measured is called its level of measurement. Correct statistical procedures depend on a researcher being familiar with levels of measurement. For analysis, data are classified into four levels of measurement—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
Data measured using an ordinal scale are similar to nominal scale data, but there is one major difference. The ordinal scale data can be ordered. An example of ordinal scale data is a list of the top five national parks in the...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Executing Complexity-Increasing Queries in Relational (MySQL) and NoSQL (MongoDB and EXist) Size-Growing ISO/EN 13606 Standardized EHR Databases
07:26

Executing Complexity-Increasing Queries in Relational (MySQL) and NoSQL (MongoDB and EXist) Size-Growing ISO/EN 13606 Standardized EHR Databases

Published on: March 19, 2018

Data standard ≠ data quality.

Meredith Nahm1, W Ed Hammond

  • 1Duke Center for Health Informatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|August 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Data standards can improve or harm data quality. Understanding the type of data standard and specific quality aspects is key to effective data quality planning and achieving reliable data.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Executing Complexity-Increasing Queries in Relational (MySQL) and NoSQL (MongoDB and EXist) Size-Growing ISO/EN 13606 Standardized EHR Databases
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Published on: March 19, 2018

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Published on: November 22, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Information Science
  • Data Management

Background:

  • The precise relationship between data quality and data standards remains unclear.
  • Conflicting views exist: some argue standards enhance quality, while others contend they can degrade it.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the complex relationship between data standards and data quality.
  • To provide a framework for strategic data quality planning.

Main Methods:

  • Deconstruction of a data standards typology.
  • Application of a dimensional definition of data quality.

Main Results:

  • The impact of data standards on data quality is contingent on the specific standard type and quality dimensions considered.
  • A nuanced understanding reveals conditions under which standards improve or diminish data quality.

Conclusions:

  • A clear framework is established for understanding and planning data quality initiatives.
  • The findings support tailored approaches to data standardization for optimal data quality outcomes.