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Related Experiment Video

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Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
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Brain development in infants born preterm: looking beyond injury.

Emma G Duerden1, Margot J Taylor, Steven P Miller

  • 1Neurosciences & Mental Health, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. emma.duerden@sickkids.ca

Seminars in Pediatric Neurology
|August 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Very preterm infants face high risks of brain injury and developmental issues. Neuroimaging advances help identify early brain damage, improving long-term outcomes for these vulnerable infants.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal neuroscience
  • Developmental pediatrics
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Infants born very preterm are susceptible to acquired brain injury and impaired brain maturation.
  • Despite improved neonatal intensive care, motor disabilities like cerebral palsy and cognitive impairments remain prevalent.
  • Neuroimaging studies reveal persistent abnormalities in brain development trajectories from infancy through adulthood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neuroimaging approaches for identifying brain injury in preterm neonates.
  • To highlight how advances in medical imaging facilitate understanding of early brain injury and atypical development.
  • To underscore the importance of this understanding for improving brain health in preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neuroimaging studies focusing on brain structure, function, and metabolism in preterm infants.
  • Discussion of advancements in medical imaging technology and specialized infant scanning equipment.
  • Emphasis on the utility of longitudinal studies for tracking early brain injury and development.

Main Results:

  • Neuroimaging provides critical insights into the brain development of very preterm infants.
  • Longitudinal studies are feasible and essential for understanding the effects of early brain injury.
  • Abnormalities in brain development are evident early and persist into adulthood.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in neuroimaging are crucial for the early identification of brain injury in preterm neonates.
  • A deeper understanding of risk factors and developmental influences is key to improving brain health.
  • Continued research using neuroimaging holds promise for better neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm children.